Jan. 9, 2025
Basic Knowledge in the Pure Land Teaching
淨土小常識
114. The Reasons for the Division into Different Schools and Sects in Buddhism
The Buddhist teachings are vast and deep, and include all phenomena in the transcendental and worldly Dharmas. Facial expressions and chores in daily life are ordinary matters; however, in order to study why they are so, we must dig deeply into the scriptures and exhaust all of the Pure Consciousness doctrines. Otherwise, we could not get a perfect and complete answer.
Thus, as far as nature, form, substance, and functional use are concerned, all phenomena, as great as the entire cosmos, or as small as a mote of dust, are riddles with no correct answer, if they are not explained by the Buddhist teachings.
When Buddhist teachings were disseminated to China, they were divided into many schools, and the reasons behind this were:
1. There are so many volumes and fascicles about the teachings in the Three Cannons, that it would be difficult to read and study them if they were not divided into different schools.
2. Because there is such a variety of teachings, they sometimes seem “contradictory” to each other. However, if they are explained in combination, neither of them can be explained correctly. Only when they are explained separately can both of them be useful to practitioners.
3. As the aptitude of sentient beings is different, it is best to select the appropriate teachings to deal with their habitual karmic behaviors. Because there are many different habitual behaviors, it is necessary to categorize the teachings.
4. In order to establish and transmit the teachings of a lineage, the teachings must be clearly systematized. They should not be overly complicated; but, understandably explained.
5. Buddhist teachings are profound, vast and deep. If we try to study them all, we are bound to fail to comprehend many of them, because our lives and energy are limited. If we focus on one teaching, it may be much easier to tackle and succeed in practicing it.
6. The teachings that were realized and transmitted by the ancient patriarchs and great masters are different. Thus, they guided the followers of their teachings with different approaches. Because of this it is inevitable to have different schools and sects. These are the reasons why there are so many schools and sects in Buddhism.
(to be continued tomorrow)
144 佛門分宗的理由
佛法廣大精微,包羅萬象,所有世出世一切諸法,皆在其範圍之內。揚眉瞬目,擔水劈柴,是極尋常的世法,然而若欲研究:何以有眉目水柴?何以會揚瞬擔劈?則非深入經藏,窮法相唯識之學,必不能提出一個所以然的圓滿答案。
因此大至整個宇宙,小至一粒微塵,其性其相,其體其用,若不把佛法來說明,就永遠成為啞謎。
佛法傳到中國,就分出許多宗來,倘若研究分宗的理由:
第一、三藏教義,卷帙太多,不分門就艱於研讀。
第二、法法各異,有時其性質還極端相反,合之則兩俱不成,分之則各顯其用。
第三、眾生根器不等,若欲對治習氣,勢須對症下藥,症既多端,則藥需分類。
第四、為使系統清晰,便於傳承故,不得不化整為零,避繁求簡。
第五,佛法廣精深,若欲遍學,則壽命精神皆有限,勢必至一無所成,倘若一門深入,則下手及成功皆易。
第六、歷代佛門大德,其修證傳持之法,既各有不同,則其所根據以化導後進者亦異,由是各立門庭,勢所不免。這些皆是佛門分宗的理由。
Namo Amituofo!